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Does Medicaid cover doulas? State-by-state (2026)

Whether your state's Medicaid program pays for a doula, how much it pays, and which visits it covers, for all 50 states and DC.

Checked October 2026 · 196 sources

Short answer

Yes in 28 states and DC, as of October 2026. Nebraska, New Hampshire and Vermont have approved coverage that isn't paying yet. Maine and Montana are working on it. Where it's covered, the standard package pays about $933 to $4,322 per pregnancy. Ask any doula whether they're enrolled with your Medicaid plan before you sign.
Does Medicaid pay for a doula?Yes 29Pending 5No 17

Doula coverage by state

Tap a column heading to sort. Visits are the prenatal / postpartum visits Medicaid pays for without prior approval, or one combined pool.

50 states and DCChecked October 2026
AlabamaNo–
AlaskaNo–
ArizonaYes–
ArkansasYes$933
CaliforniaYes$3,263
ColoradoYes$1,470
ConnecticutYes$1,200
DelawareYes$1,047
District of ColumbiaYes$4,322
FloridaYes–
GeorgiaNo–
HawaiiNo–
IdahoNo–
IllinoisYes–
IndianaNo–
IowaNo–
KansasYes$1,295
KentuckyNo–
LouisianaYes$1,017
MainePending–
MarylandYes$1,428
MassachusettsYes$1,700
MichiganYes$2,700
MinnesotaYes–
MississippiNo–
MissouriYes$1,250
MontanaPending–
NebraskaPending–
NevadaYes$1,430
New HampshirePending–
New JerseyYes$1,065
New MexicoYes$3,300
New YorkYes$1,500
North CarolinaNo–
North DakotaNo–
OhioYes$1,200
OklahomaYes–
OregonYes$2,365
PennsylvaniaYes$2,200
Rhode IslandYes$1,500
South CarolinaNo–
South DakotaYes$1,800
TennesseeNo–
TexasNo–
UtahYes–
VermontPending–
VirginiaYes–
WashingtonYes$3,500
West VirginiaNo–
WisconsinNo–
WyomingNo–

Pending means coverage is approved but not paying yet, or the state is setting rates and rules. Check means we couldn't confirm it from an official source; ask the state Medicaid agency. "Most per pregnancy" is the standard package (all standard visits plus labor and delivery support), before prior-approved extras and incentives; it's blank where visits are billed by time with no cap or plans set the rates. It's what Medicaid pays the doula, not what you pay. Medicaid can't charge cost sharing for pregnancy-related services, so covered doula care costs you nothing. You usually need a recommendation from a doctor, midwife or other licensed provider, and a doula in your health plan's network. Rates often change January 1 and July 1, so confirm with your state Medicaid agency.

Sources: National Health Law Program (NHeLP); National Academy for State Health Policy (NASHP); Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (National Archives); Federal Register (CMS); eCFR / Code of Federal Regulations. Data as of October 2026.

What to know nationally

28 states and DC pay doulas through Medicaid as of October 9, 2026. 3 more have approved coverage that isn't paying yet (NE, NH, VT), and 2 are working on it (ME, MT).

Computed from 51 state records (sources below).

There is no federal requirement for Medicaid to cover doulas; each state chooses. States add doula care through a Medicaid state plan amendment (SPA) approved by CMS, and can also use a Section 1115 waiver, but the National Academy for State Health Policy (NASHP) found every state with a doula benefit uses a SPA. All of them cover doulas under the preventive services benefit, 42 CFR 440.130(c), which covers services recommended by a physician or other licensed practitioner. A 2013 CMS rule (78 FR 42160) changed that definition so non-licensed providers such as doulas can deliver preventive services when a licensed practitioner recommends them. That is why most states require a recommendation; NASHP counts 8 states with a statewide standing recommendation, so moms there don't need an individual referral.

Sources: National Academy for State Health Policy (NASHP); Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (National Archives); Federal Register (CMS)

Medicaid pays $459 to $1,500 for doula support during labor and delivery, depending on the state (NASHP, March 2026).

Source: National Academy for State Health Policy (NASHP)

Among covered states with a fixed per-pregnancy maximum, the standard doula package pays from $933.20 (AR) to $4,321.70 (DC). DC's figure is a theoretical cap built from long time-billed postpartum visits; the next highest caps are Washington ($3,500) and New Mexico ($3,300). Some states have no fixed maximum because visits are billed by time with no cap (Arizona, Illinois), rates are set by health plans (Florida), rates aren't published (Oklahoma, Utah, Virginia), or the visit limit couldn't be confirmed (Minnesota).

Computed from 22 state records (sources below).

Find a doula near you

Questions about Medicaid and doulas

Does Medicaid cover doulas?

28 states and DC pay doulas through Medicaid as of October 9, 2026. 3 more have approved coverage that isn't paying yet (NE, NH, VT), and 2 are working on it (ME, MT). 17 states don't cover doulas.

How much does Medicaid pay a doula?

Among covered states with a fixed per-pregnancy maximum, the standard doula package pays from $933.20 (AR) to $4,321.70 (DC). DC's figure is a theoretical cap built from long time-billed postpartum visits; the next highest caps are Washington ($3,500) and New Mexico ($3,300). Some states have no fixed maximum because visits are billed by time with no cap (Arizona, Illinois), rates are set by health plans (Florida), rates aren't published (Oklahoma, Utah, Virginia), or the visit limit couldn't be confirmed (Minnesota). Medicaid pays $459 to $1,500 for doula support during labor and delivery, depending on the state (NASHP, March 2026).

How do I find a doula who takes Medicaid?

Ask the doula whether they're enrolled with your state Medicaid program or your Medicaid health plan before you sign a contract. In states that publish a Medicaid doula list, our directory marks the doulas on it.

Guides on doula care and costs

Does insurance cover a doula? Private plans and MedicaidMedicaid pays for doulas in 28 states and DC. Most private plans don't, with a few state exceptions. See what's covered, how to ask, and how to get reimbursed.How much does a doula cost in 2026?Most private birth doulas charge a flat fee of $500 to $2,500 or more. See what's included, Medicaid doula rates by state, and HSA/FSA rules.What does a doula do? Birth and postpartum doulas explainedA doula gives non-medical support: comfort and advocacy in labor, help at home after birth. What doulas do and don't do, the evidence, and how they get paid.

How we built this

We built this in October 2026. We started from the National Health Law Program's Doula Medicaid Project chart (updated September 2026) and the National Academy for State Health Policy's March 2026 analysis, then checked every state that covers doulas, or is working on it, against the state Medicaid agency's own documents: federally approved state plan amendments, provider manuals and bulletins, fee schedules and rules.

Where those sources disagree, we use the state's own documents and explain the difference in the state's notes. A state is 'covered' when Medicaid is paying doulas now, 'enacted' when coverage is approved but payments haven't started, and 'pending' when rate-setting, rules or legislation are in progress. The maximum payment is the most Medicaid pays one doula for the standard package of prenatal and postpartum visits plus labor and delivery support, before extra visits that need prior approval and incentive payments; where vaginal and cesarean births pay differently, we show the higher amount.

Medicaid pays the doula directly, so a mom on Medicaid pays nothing. Where a state bills by time with no cap, leaves rates to health plans, or doesn't publish rates, we show no total. Rates change often, usually on January 1 or July 1, so check with your state Medicaid agency or health plan before you count on a number.

29

programs pay for doula care, counting DC

Checked October 2026

5

approved or in progress, not paying yet

Checked October 2026

0

states we couldn't confirm from an official source

Marked Check

196

sources: NHeLP, NASHP and each state's Medicaid documents

Listed below

Sources

  1. 1.42 CFR 447.56(a)(2)(ii), exemptions from Medicaid cost sharing: pregnancy-related services eCFR / Code of Federal Regulations.
  2. 2.Doula Medicaid Project: state-by-state chart of doula Medicaid efforts (last updated Sep. 2026) National Health Law Program (NHeLP). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  3. 3.State Trends in Medicaid Coverage of Doula Services (published April 1, 2026; data as of March 2026) National Academy for State Health Policy (NASHP). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  4. 4.42 CFR 440.130 Diagnostic, screening, preventive, and rehabilitative services Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (National Archives). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  5. 5.Medicaid and CHIP Programs: Essential Health Benefits in Alternative Benefit Plans ... final rule (78 FR 42160, July 15, 2013), revising the preventive services definition at 42 CFR 440.130(c) Federal Register (CMS). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  6. 6.CMS Cross Cutting Initiative: Maternity Care Action Plan Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  7. 7.Arkansas SPA AR-26-0004 (Doula Services and Breastfeeding and Lactation Consultants) approval package CMS / Medicaid.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  8. 8.Official Notice ON-049-26: Medicaid Enrollment and Coverage for Doulas and Lactation Consultants/Lactation Counselors (Sept 1, 2026) Arkansas Department of Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  9. 9.Supportive Maternal Care Provider Manual, Section II (eff. 9-1-26) Arkansas DHS (Code of Arkansas Rules). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  10. 10.Arkansas Medicaid Supportive Maternal Care Fee Schedule (run date 08/27/26) Arkansas Department of Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  11. 11.Supportive Maternal Care Procedure Code Table Arkansas Department of Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  12. 12.Doula Services billing training (8/31/2026) Arkansas DHS / AFMC. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  13. 13.Maternal Health Providers (doula and lactation enrollment resources) Arkansas Department of Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  14. 14.Community-Based Doula Certification Arkansas Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  15. 15.California SPA 22-0002 (doula services) approval package CMS / Medicaid.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
Show all 196 sources
  1. 16.All Plan Letter 23-024 (Revised): Doula Services California DHCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  2. 17.Doula Implementation Stakeholder Meeting, January 31, 2024 (rate increase slides) California DHCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  3. 18.Medi-Cal Managed Care Advisory Group Meeting, June 13, 2024 (doula reimbursement slides) California DHCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  4. 19.Doula Services Frequently Asked Questions - Doula Providers Reimbursement FAQ California DHCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  5. 20.Doula Providers California DHCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  6. 21.Doula Services for Medi-Cal Members California DHCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  7. 22.Colorado SPA CO-24-0004 (doula services) listing CMS / Medicaid.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  8. 23.Doulas (Health First Colorado doula benefit page) Colorado HCPF. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  9. 24.Doula Billing Manual Colorado HCPF. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  10. 25.Health First Colorado Fee Schedule, July 1, 2026 (v1.4) Colorado HCPF. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  11. 26.Health First Colorado Fee Schedule, October 1, 2025 (v1.6) Colorado HCPF. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  12. 27.Provider Rates and Fee Schedule Colorado HCPF. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  13. 28.2024 Doula Enrollment Quick Guide Colorado HCPF. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  14. 29.Benefits & Services (member benefits table incl. Doula) Health First Colorado (HCPF). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  15. 30.Connecticut SPA CT-25-0003 (doula services) approval package CMS / Medicaid.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  16. 31.Provider Bulletin 2025-14: New Coverage of Certified Doulas (May 2025) Connecticut DSS (CMAP). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  17. 32.Provider Bulletin 2025-05: DPH Doula Certification and Enrollment Criteria (Jan 2025) Connecticut DSS (CMAP). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  18. 33.Notice of Proposed SPA 25-C: New Medicaid Coverage of Services Provided by Certified Doulas Connecticut DSS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  19. 34.Provider Policies & Procedures: Doula Services (eff. Nov 1, 2025) HUSKY Health (CHNCT for CT DSS). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  20. 35.Doula Certification Requirements Connecticut Department of Public Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  21. 36.Public Act No. 26-146 (Substitute HB 5561) Connecticut General Assembly. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  22. 37.HUSKY Maternity Bundle - CMAP Enrolled Doulas Connecticut DSS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  23. 38.Doula Services (member page) DC Department of Health Care Finance. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  24. 39.Information for Doula Providers DC Department of Health Care Finance. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  25. 40.Medicaid Doula Provider Manual (Aug 2026) DC Department of Health Care Finance. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  26. 41.Transmittal 25-36: CY 2026 Medicaid Doula Service Rates DC Department of Health Care Finance. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  27. 42.Transmittal 22-34: Doula Benefit, Provider Qualifications and Enrollment, Rates and Reimbursement Standards DC Department of Health Care Finance. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  28. 43.DC State Plan Attachment 4.19-B p.39: Doula Services Reimbursement DC Department of Health Care Finance. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  29. 44.DC State Plan Supplement 1 to Attachment 3.1-A p.21A: Doula services DC Department of Health Care Finance. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  30. 45.29 DCMR Chapter 112 Doula Services (emergency/proposed rulemaking, 9/26/22) DC Department of Health Care Finance. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  31. 46.Delaware SPA 24-0001 (doula services) approval package CMS / Medicaid.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  32. 47.Delaware SPA 25-0002 (additional postpartum doula visits) approval package CMS / Medicaid.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  33. 48.House Bill 80 (152nd GA): coverage of doula services Delaware General Assembly. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  34. 49.Certified Doula for Medicaid Reimbursement Delaware Certification Board. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  35. 50.Doula Services (provider page: benefit & reimbursement) Delaware First Health (Medicaid MCO). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  36. 51.Doula Quick Reference Guide (updated Oct 2025) Delaware First Health (Medicaid MCO). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  37. 52.Doula Services (member page) Delaware First Health (Medicaid MCO). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  38. 53.Kansas SPA 24-0006 (doula services) approval package CMS / Medicaid.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  39. 54.KMAP General Bulletin 24099: Doulas Enrollment and Coverage (May 2024) Kansas Medical Assistance Program (KDHE). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  40. 55.KMAP General Bulletin 25256: Doulas Coverage - Allowable Place of Service Clarification (11/04/25), as reposted by Sunflower Health Plan Sunflower Health Plan (KanCare MCO) reposting KMAP. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  41. 56.Louisiana SPA LA-25-0024: Doula Services (CMS approval package) Louisiana Department of Health / CMS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  42. 57.Doula Provider Enrollment Packet Now Available (Dec 19, 2025) Louisiana Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  43. 58.Louisiana Medicaid Professional Services Fee Schedule (effective 7/1/2026) Louisiana Medicaid (lamedicaid.com). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  44. 59.Provider Type Specific Packet/Checklist: Doula (Individual) PT-DL Louisiana Medicaid (lamedicaid.com). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  45. 60.Louisiana Doula Registry Board Louisiana Department of Health, Bureau of Family Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  46. 61.LA Doula Services Updates (MCO bulletin on behalf of LDH) UnitedHealthcare Community Plan of Louisiana. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  47. 62.MassHealth Doula Services Program: Information for Doulas MassHealth. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  48. 63.MassHealth Doula Services Program: Information for MassHealth Members MassHealth. Accessed October 9, 2026.
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  50. 65.130 CMR 463.000: Doula Services MassHealth. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  51. 66.Massachusetts SPA 23-0065: Doula services coverage and payment CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  52. 67.Massachusetts SPA 24-0040: Doula services for adoptive parents of infants CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  53. 68.Medicaid Doula Services Program Manual (updated January 13, 2026) Maryland Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  54. 69.PT 84-26: Claim Resubmission and Billing Clarification for Doula Services (June 11, 2026) Maryland Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  55. 70.PT 45-26: Extension of Doula Self-Referral and Expansion of Doula Certification Organizations (Dec 19, 2025) Maryland Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  56. 71.Become a Doula Provider (Doula Provider Information) Maryland Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  57. 72.Medicaid Doula Program Maryland Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  58. 73.Maryland SPA 22-0004: Doula services CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  59. 74.Bulletin MMP 24-40: Update to Medicaid Coverage of Doula Services Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  60. 75.Bulletin MMP 22-47: Medicaid Coverage of Doula Services Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  61. 76.Doula Fee Schedule, January 2026 Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  62. 77.Doula (Billing & Reimbursement, provider-specific information) Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  63. 78.Doula Initiative: For Families Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  64. 79.Become a Medicaid Enrolled Doula Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  65. 80.Michigan SPA 22-0005: Doula services CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  66. 81.Doula Program Missouri Department of Social Services, MO HealthNet Division. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  67. 82.Provider Bulletin Vol. 48 No. 51: Doula Services (posted March 18, 2026) Missouri Department of Social Services, MO HealthNet Division. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  68. 83.MO HealthNet Doula Provider Guide: Enrollment, Compliance, and Billing Essentials (2026) MO HealthNet Division Education and Training. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  69. 84.13 CSR 70-25.160 Doula Services Missouri Secretary of State (Code of State Regulations). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  70. 85.Missouri SPA 24-0008: Doula services CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  71. 86.Doula Care Benefit NJ Department of Human Services, Division of Medical Assistance and Health Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  72. 87.New Jersey SPA 22-0020: Maternity service rates for clinicians and community doulas CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  73. 88.New Jersey SPA 20-0011: Doula services CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  74. 89.NJ Medicaid Provider Newsletter Vol. 31 No. 04: Doula Benefit (updated Feb 2021) NJ Division of Medical Assistance and Health Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  75. 90.New Mexico SPA 24-0004: Doula and lactation provider services CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  76. 91.Letter of Direction #47: Doula Services billing and reimbursement guidance (Jan 23, 2025) New Mexico Health Care Authority, Medical Assistance Division. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  77. 92.Doula Program New Mexico Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  78. 93.Doula Frequently Asked Questions New Mexico Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  79. 94.2026 Doula and Lactation Provider Managed Care Reference Guide NM Medicaid MCOs (BCBSNM, Molina, Presbyterian, UHC), NM Department of Health, NM Doula Association. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  80. 95.Nevada SPA 23-0016: Doula rate increase and rural add-on CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  81. 96.Medicaid Services Manual Chapter 600, Physician Services (effective May 27, 2026), 603.4E Doula Services Nevada Medicaid (DHCFP). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  82. 97.Provider Type 90 Doula Reimbursement Schedule (rate data as of 07/2026) Nevada Medicaid. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  83. 98.Birth Doula Certification Nevada Certification Board. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  84. 99.Nevada Medicaid Provider Enrollment Nevada Medicaid (fiscal agent portal). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  85. 100.Doula Services: Information for Medicaid Members New York State Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  86. 101.Doula Provider Enrollment and Billing New York State Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  87. 102.Doula Services Provider Policy Manual (March 2026) New York State Medicaid (eMedNY). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  88. 103.Doula Services Fee Schedule New York State Medicaid (eMedNY). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  89. 104.Statewide Standing Order for Doula Services (reissued June 10, 2026) New York State Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  90. 105.New York SPA 24-0003: Preventive health services provided by doulas CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  91. 106.Ohio Administrative Code Rule 5160-8-43, Doula services (effective Oct 1, 2025) Ohio Legislative Service Commission (codes.ohio.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  92. 107.OAC 5160-1-60 Appendix (Medicaid payment fee schedule), codes T1032/T1033 Ohio Department of Medicaid via codes.ohio.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  93. 108.Doulas: Ohio Department of Medicaid Doula Initiative Ohio Department of Medicaid. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  94. 109.Maternal and Infant Support Program (MISP) Services Overview, Version 2.1 Ohio Department of Medicaid. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  95. 110.Medicaid Transmittal Letter No. 3336-24-12: Coverage and payment of doula services Ohio Department of Medicaid. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  96. 111.Ohio State Plan Amendment 24-0017 (doula and lactation preventive services) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  97. 112.Ohio Administrative Code Rule 4723-24-02, Doula certification Ohio Board of Nursing via codes.ohio.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  98. 113.State of Ohio Certified Doulas Ohio Board of Nursing. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  99. 114.Birth Doula Fee-for-Service (Open Card) Billing Guide, January 2025 Oregon Health Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  100. 115.Memo: Fee-for-service billing for additional support visits effective Jan. 1, 2025 Oregon Health Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  101. 116.Oregon State Plan Amendment 24-0021 (doula rate increase) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  102. 117.OAR 410-130-0015 Doula Services (with rule history) Oregon Secretary of State / Oregon Health Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  103. 118.Birth Doulas (THW certification standards and pathways) Oregon Health Authority, Equity and Inclusion Division. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  104. 119.Enrolled Senate Bill 1568 (2026), doula coverage levels Oregon Legislature. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  105. 120.MA Bulletin 09-25-33 et al.: Coverage of and Payment for Doula Services in the Medical Assistance Program (issued Dec 23, 2024; effective Jan 1, 2025), copy hosted by Keystone First Pennsylvania Department of Human Services (hosted by Keystone First). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  106. 121.Doula FAQ Document (provider enrollment) Pennsylvania Department of Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
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  108. 123.Certified Perinatal Doula Pennsylvania Certification Board. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  109. 124.Doula Advisory Board Pennsylvania Department of Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  110. 125.Rhode Island State Plan Amendment 21-0013 (doula services) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  111. 126.Certified Perinatal Doula (CPD) Rhode Island Certification Board. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  112. 127.South Dakota Medicaid Billing and Policy Manual: Doula Services (updated December 2025) South Dakota Department of Social Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
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  114. 129.South Dakota Medicaid Fee Schedules South Dakota Department of Social Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  115. 130.South Dakota Medicaid Provider Enrollment South Dakota Department of Social Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  116. 131.Doulas (Apple Health birth doula benefit) Washington State Health Care Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  117. 132.Birth Doula Services Billing Guide (effective July 1, 2026) Washington State Health Care Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  118. 133.Birth Doula Services Fee Schedule (effective January 1, 2025) Washington State Health Care Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  119. 134.Birth Doulas (state certification) Washington State Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  120. 135.Doula Medicaid Project: Interactive Map National Health Law Program (NHeLP). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  121. 136.State Medicaid Approaches to Doula Service Benefits (tracker, updated April 3, 2026) National Academy for State Health Policy (NASHP). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  122. 137.HB 0295 (114th General Assembly) bill history: TennCare doula services Tennessee General Assembly. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  123. 138.SB 0044 (114th General Assembly) bill history: doulas Tennessee General Assembly. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  124. 139.Senate Bill 964 (2025-2026 Session) bill history North Carolina General Assembly. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  125. 140.Arizona SPA 24-0006 (doula services) approval package CMS / Medicaid.gov. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  126. 141.Doula Providers AHCCCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  127. 142.Certified Doula FAQs (Rev. 8/28/25) AHCCCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  128. 143.Doula FFS Rates & Codes AHCCCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  129. 144.Final Doula Fee Schedule, effective 10/1/2026 (FFY27) AHCCCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  130. 145.AHCCCS Medical Policy Manual 410 - Maternity Care Services AHCCCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  131. 146.Doula Services, Policy and Billing Overview (DFSM provider training, 2025) AHCCCS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  132. 147.Doulas (voluntary state certification) Arizona Department of Health Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  133. 148.2025-2030 SMMC Plans: Expanded Benefits Florida Agency for Health Care Administration. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  134. 149.SMMC 3.0 Health Plan Expanded Benefits Grid (effective 2/1/2025) Florida Agency for Health Care Administration. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  135. 150.SB 514 (2026) Doula Support for Healthy Births pilot - bill history The Florida Senate. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  136. 151.SB 1508 (2026) The Motherhood Initiative - bill history The Florida Senate. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  137. 152.HB 1043 (2026) doula workforce development - bill history The Florida Senate. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  138. 153.Provider Notice: Doula Certification, Enrollment, and Billing per Public Act 102-0004 Effective February 1, 2024 (issued 12/19/2024) Illinois HFS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  139. 154.Provider Notice 05/05/2026: Maximum Daily Quantity Limits for doula services Illinois HFS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  140. 155.Doula Fee Schedule Illinois HFS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  141. 156.Fee Schedule For Doulas, effective 05/01/2026 (updated 09/15/2026) Illinois HFS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  142. 157.Illinois Medicaid-Certified Doula Program: Pathways & Requirements SIU School of Medicine (for Illinois HFS). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  143. 158.Minn. Stat. 256B.758 Reimbursement for Doula Services Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  144. 159.Minn. Stat. 256B.0625, subd. 28b (Doula services) Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  145. 160.Minnesota SPA 23-0018: Abortion, family planning, and doula services and rates CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  146. 161.Minnesota SPA 14-007: Addition of Doula Services CMS (Medicaid.gov). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  147. 162.Minnesota Doula Registry Minnesota Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  148. 163.Applying and Renewing: Minnesota Doula Registry Minnesota Department of Health. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  149. 164.Doula Services (SoonerCare members) Oklahoma Health Care Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  150. 165.Doula (provider type page) Oklahoma Health Care Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  151. 166.OAC 317:30-5-1217 Doula services general coverage (revised 09-01-2026) Oklahoma Health Care Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  152. 167.Oklahoma State Plan Amendment 23-0014 (doula services) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  153. 168.SoonerCare Title XIX Fee Schedule effective 07/01/2026 (V3) Oklahoma Health Care Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  154. 169.Oklahoma adds doula services to SoonerCare benefits (July 10, 2023) Oklahoma Health Care Authority. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  155. 170.Utah Medicaid Provider Manual: Women's Services and Family Planning (updated July 2026), 8-5.8 Doula Services Utah Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Integrated Healthcare. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  156. 171.Utah Medicaid State Plan Attachment 3.1-A (doula services, TN 25-0022) Utah Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  157. 172.Utah Medicaid State Plan Attachment 4.19-B (doula payment, TN 25-0022) Utah Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  158. 173.Medicaid Information Bulletin, March 2026 (26-29 Doula Services) Utah Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  159. 174.Utah Medicaid Doula Provider Attestation (03/2026) Utah Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  160. 175.Become a Medicaid Provider Utah Medicaid. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  161. 176.PRISM Coverage and Reimbursement Code Lookup Tool Utah Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  162. 177.Community Doula Program Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  163. 178.Virginia State Plan Amendment 21-0013 approval (doula services) Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services / CMS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  164. 179.Community Doulas for Medicaid Members (benefit overview flyer, 2022) Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  165. 180.DMAS HCPCS Medical procedure fee file (T1032/T1033 listed as IC) Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  166. 181.New Hampshire State Plan Amendment 25-0015 (doula services) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  167. 182.SPA Public Notice: Doula Services (Revised June 16, 2026) New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  168. 183.2026 Fee Schedule: Covered Procedures Report with SA Requirements as of 07-24-2026 New Hampshire Medicaid (NH MMIS). Accessed October 9, 2026.
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  170. 185.Doulas and Lactation Service Providers (voluntary certification) New Hampshire Office of Professional Licensure and Certification. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  171. 186.Resolves 2025, ch. 89 (LD 1523): Resolve, to Develop MaineCare Coverage for Doula Services Maine Legislature. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  172. 187.LD 1523 (HP 1008) status summary Maine Legislature. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  173. 188.Rate Determination Initiation Notice for Doula Services (Dec 30, 2025) Maine DHHS, Office of MaineCare Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  174. 189.MaineCare Rate System Reform Maine DHHS, Office of MaineCare Services. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  175. 190.MCA 53-6-101, Montana medicaid program: authorization of services Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated 2025). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  176. 191.MCA Title 37, Chapter 77, Doulas (Ch. 597, L. 2025) Montana Legislature (Montana Code Annotated 2025). Accessed October 9, 2026.
  177. 192.Montana Doula Program (licensing) Montana Department of Labor & Industry. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  178. 193.Montana Medicaid provider website: 2026 Documents Posted Year to Date (through 10/02/2026) Montana DPHHS. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  179. 194.Legislative Bill 958 (2026), slip law, approved April 16, 2026 Nebraska Legislature. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  180. 195.Act No. 50 (2025), S.53: certification of community-based perinatal doulas and Medicaid coverage for doula services Vermont General Assembly. Accessed October 9, 2026.
  181. 196.Bill Status S.53 (Act 50) Vermont General Assembly. Accessed October 9, 2026.